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Medical Oncologists specializes in utilizing systemic therapy in the treatment of cancer, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and hormonal therapy. As opposed to surgery or radiotherapy which provide loco-regional control of cancer, systemic therapy acts on all sites of disease within the body. It is applicable to many tumor types including lung, colorectal, liver, breast, ovarian, kidney and others, in various settings such as pre-operative, post-operative and metastatic.
Preclinical and clinical scientific research are important aspects of Medical Oncology fellowship. Through research, Medical Oncologists acquire deeper understanding of the biology and characteristics of cancer, and clinical experience in cutting-edge, personalized cancer treatment.
Medical Oncologists are also internists by training. With the aging population, cancer patients often have other medical conditions including hypertension, diabetes and heart problems requiring long-term medications. These conditions and their medications may affect cancer treatment and vice versa. Medical Oncologists can formulate appropriate treatment plans and provide comprehensive medical care.